About Egypt

Say "Egypt" and most people think of pharaohs, mummies, and age-old pyramids. The country isn't just temples and tombs, though. Immerse yourself in the noise and color of urban bedlam, then come up for air on a lonely desert dune or upon the palm-fringed banks of the Nile. Haggle with vendors in a maze-like souq, then sit quietly in a tranquil mosque or Coptic church and observe centuries-old rituals that still resonate in modern life. Cruise on the Nile in a felucca, the traditional sailboat. Lounging like Cleopatra in the cool beauty of a Nile sunset is a romantic way to end the day and start the night. Egypt is arguably one of the most interesting countries in the world both historically and culturally, with antiquities of such scale and beauty to leave you speechless. To the ancient Egyptian, the world was a lush green ribbon cutting north and south through the desert. It was only logical to live on the East Bank, where the sun rises, and bury your dead on the West Bank, where the sun is buried each evening. Therefore, all the tombs, pyramids, and funerary art in Egypt are on the West Bank.

A country which needs no introduction. The great pyramids at Giza; meandering down the River Nile; the aquatic Eden of the Red Sea - we think Egypt is one of the most interesting countries in the world, both historically and culturally. Egypt is the country that gave birth to the great's civilization in the world and has attracted thousands of tourists each year. Today, many of these constructions still remain and what once was one of the greatest civilizations has attracted travelers from all over the world, to the extent that Egypt has become one of the most visited countries on our planet. The people of Egypt are lovely and keen to show you the very best of their country, it is a great holiday destination and offers something for everyone.

Official site : http://www.egypt.travel/

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Best Season:December to February
Popular Location: Alexandria, Cairo, Luxor
When to Visit

Egypt’s summer (Jun – Aug) is stifling and best avoided unless you enjoy searing temperatures. Spring (Mar – May) and fall (Sep – Nov) are more manageable heat-wise, but winter (Dec – Feb), with its pleasantly warm, sunny weather, is when most choose to visit. The best time to travel to Egypt is during the winter from September to April as the climate becomes a bit tropical accompanied by a magical atmosphere of warm weather with a winter breeze.

Travel Info

Language : Arabic

Currency : [EGP] Egyptian Pound

Timezone : GMT +2

Airports : Cairo International Airport [CAI], Hurghada International Airport [HRG], Luxor International Airport [LXR], Borg El Arab International Airport [HBE]

Annual Number of Visitors : 13.6 million (2019)

VISA : https://www.visa2egypt.gov.eg/

Travel Tips

Tip what you believe is fair by local standards and ignore the inevitable plea for more. Hoard small change in a special pocket so you’ll have tip money readily available. Assume that nothing is free – don’t take photos of the camels or of the guards and don’t accept any “free” souvenirs. Before arriving in Egypt, spend some time reading up on the history of Ancient Egypt. You’ll appreciate the sights so much more if you have a deeper understanding of the history of places you’re visiting. There are many additional charges that you need to be aware of such as the separate ticket for the special exhibits at the museums, photography permits and entry into the burial chambers of the pyramids. Stay abreast of news concerning Egypt ahead of your trip, and check travel advisories for the latest updates and developments. Plan to dress modestly and carry plenty of sunscreen and a hat to avoid a serious sun burn. Egypt prohibits the use or possession of unmanned aerial vehicles (drones) so don’t take your drone if you are just a recreational user. When entering any major landmark, you will need to have your bags scanned and walk through a metal detector. The tap water in Egypt is not safe to drink, and you’re also advised to brush your teeth with filtered or mineral water. Egypt is one place where you need an experienced local driver to help you get around safely.

Best Known For

Local Culture, Mountains, Beaches, Local Cuisine, Hiking, Camping, City, Off the Beaten Path, Landmarks/Sights, Walking Tours, All Water Activities, Scuba diving, Snorkelling, All Active/Outdoor, Family Friendly, At Sea, Peace and Quiet, Roadtrip, Fishing, Trekking, Golf, Adventure, Off Roading, Diving, Boats, Sailing, Canoeing, Kayaking, Quad Biking, Nature, Surfing

To Do

Felucca ride on the Nile

A felucca is a small, traditional Egyptian wooden sailboat. It’s possible to take a felucca tour lasting several days; however, we would recommend taking an hour or two cruise at sunset while in Aswan. This is one of the best things to do in Aswan. To drift on the Nile River, especially at sunset, is a wonderful way to spend an hour or two in Aswan. The price for a felucca ride is negotiable and prices can be all over the place. What you pay really depends on your negotiating skills. The ride is a beautiful and a memorable experience.

See Coral reefs

The Red Sea is one of the best diving destinations in the world. Thousands of divers go to Sharm every year to enjoy the splendor and the variety of underwater life on the Red Sea coral reefs. Sharm El-Sheikh is well known for its wonderful dive sites, rich in different coral types and many fish species, amazing flora and fauna, with water temperatures ranging between 22°C in February and 28°C from July to October. The outstanding visibility ranges between 20-30 meters.

Hot Air Balloon Ride

For great aerial views over the entire west bank in Luxor, with its temples and village farmland tucked between the escarpment, take a hot air balloon ride, the town’s most popular activity, with balloons all taking off just after sunrise. Watch how the whole valley tinges pink and becomes bathed in the morning light. There is nothing more spectacular like watching the sunrise while taking in the majestic views of the Valley of the Kings, the Temple of Hatshepsut, and floating above the glittering river Nile and splendid Karnak Temple Complex. You will drift peacefully through the sky, while the sun is gradually revealing the panoramic views of the world’s most important archaeological site.

Explore the Sahara Desert

Apart from the Nile Valley, the majority of Egypt’s landscape is desert, with a few oases scattered about. Winds create prolific sand dunes that peak at more than 30 m high. Egypt includes parts of the Sahara Desert and of the Libyan Desert. Located in Egypt’s Western Desert, the Bahariya and Farafra depressions don’t even cover 1% of the Egyptian Sahara. Yet, they have some of the rarest landscapes and geological formations in the entire country. In the heart of the Bahariya depression about 370 km south-west of Cairo, an oasis brings life to one of the harshest regions on Earth. Hot springs are one of the main attractions in this verdant area filled with palm trees and fresh fruits. Further south from Bahariya Oasis, you’ll be surrounded by hundreds of black powder-covered hills. This is the Black Desert, one of the strangest desert landscapes in the world. The White Desert, about 126 km south-west of the Black Desert, is by far the Western Desert’s most unusual natural site. This vast area of mushroom-like shapes and sea waves made of white limestone are marvels of nature that astonish even the most experienced traveller.

See the Suez Canal

Opened in 1869, for more than a century, the Suez Canal has served as a connection between the North Atlantic and the northern Indian Ocean, reducing the journey by more than 7,000 kms. You want to go there to see the dozens of immensely vast cargo ships that make their way through the Canal every day. In Suez, the Canal is surrounded and guarded by the Army. For security reasons, you can only see the Canal from far away, from behind a fence. Besides, pictures are not allowed. If you want to get closer and sail over the Canal, go to Port Said or Ismailia.

Reasons to Visit

Heritage

The initial draw for many tourists to Egypt is to see the pyramids that we all learned about while in primary school. And, in our opinion, they don’t disappoint – they’re spectacular! Egypt’s ancient rulers competed to outdo each other by scattering a cache of lofty temples across the land. The Pyramids of Giza, Luxor’s Karnak and Valley of the Kings, and Ramses II’s grandiose pat-on-the-back at Abu Simbel are the highlights of the pharaohs’ marvelous architectural achievements, but factor time during your visit to explore smaller relics such as the Kom Ombo and Philae temples as well.

Culture

Egyptians are a boisterous, pragmatic people with a sharp sense of humor used to shrug off the hardships of life. Traditional culture and religion still play a prominent role in society, and although conservative in values, you’ll find Egyptians anything but insular. This is a nation that adores having fun and any excuse is used for a celebration. Not known for being stand-offish, and rightly proud of their history, a booming ahlan wa sahlan (“Hello and welcome!”) followed by invitations for tea and a chat are extended to all visitors. Accept those on-the-spot offers and you’ll experience warm and effervescent Egyptian hospitality at its best.

Cuisine

Egyptian cuisine is infused with fresh and hearty flavors, with influences from the North Africa, the Middle East, and the Mediterranean. This is comfort food at its best: non-fussy, wholesome dishes where seasonal produce plays the starring role. Restaurant menus generally feature kebabs with simple meze-style plates of crispy salads and dips. Heavier specialties include mahshi (stuffed vegetables) and fatteh (chicken or beef with rice and bread, all immersed in a garlic sauce), and the more adventurous hamam (pigeon) and molokhia (a glutinous mallow-leaf stew).

The Nile

The Nile is the longest river in the world. The river shares its water with 11 African countries, but the river is the primary water source for Egypt and Sudan. The Nile has two streams; the White Nile and the Blue Nile. When you are traveling through Africa and you happen to visit Lake Victoria, you can see the White Nile rises through the lake. As for the Blue Nile, its adventure begins at Lake Tana in Ethiopia. Egypt history is rooted on this river and many of Egyptian sites are to be found alongside this river banks. When visiting Egypt, cruising on the Nile must be on any traveler list. While cruising on the Nile, you will enjoy the most incredible sunsets and sunrises in the world, you learn how to relax and laid-back while being served, you will sightsee the magnificent heritage of Egypt and its serene and divine landscapes across the Nile.

Red Sea

When you aren’t wandering around ancient ruins and monuments, Egypt’s sublime Red Sea is the place to be. With global warming affecting diving spots around the world, the Red Sea has been voted among the best locations. Diving enthusiasts travel from all over for wreck diving, shore diving, best value diving, and cavern and grotto diving. Some of the most popular dive sites include Thistlegorm, Shark Reef, Blue Hole and Dunraven. Across these sites, around 1,200 species of fish have been recorded. If you’re seeking relaxation and respite head to Egypt’s Red Sea Riviera. The area is jam-packed with beach resorts and brimming with five star luxury, watersports, shopping and entertainment.

Luxor

Luxor was the royal capital of Egypt during the New Kingdom (1539-1075 B.C.). Luxor is known today as the world’s greatest open-air museum. This was the site of ancient Thebes, the great city of the Middle Kingdom and New Kingdom pharaohs. Luxor stands head-and-shoulders above Egypt’s other towns for its sheer wealth of temples and tombs – from the tomb of Tutankhamen in the Valley of the Kings and the magnificent sunset views at the majestic temple complexes of Karnak and Luxor. From Luxor, cruises on the Nile begin or end and it is a short journey, either by road or by boat, to the west bank of the Nile and the sights of the Valley of the Kings, Valley of the Queens, and Hatshepsut Temple. On the east bank, Karnak Temple and Luxor Temple are easily visited by calèche or by taxi.
Luxor
Alexandria

There’s no sign of the grand marbled metropolis founded by Alexander the Great on the busy streets of this congested Egyptian city, but climb down a rickety ladder a few blocks from Alexandria’s harbor, and the legendary city suddenly looms into view. On an April day in 331 B.C., on his way to an oracle in the Egyptian desert before he set off to subdue Persia, Alexander envisioned a metropolis linking Greece and Egypt. For nearly a millennium, Alexandria was the Mediterranean’s bustling center of trade. Alexandria became the capital of Greco-Roman Egypt, its status as a beacon of culture symbolized by Pharos, the legendary lighthouse that was one of the Seven Wonders of the World. But less than a decade after he founded it, Alexander’s namesake became his tomb. The setting for the stormy relationship between Cleopatra and Mark Antony, Alexandria was also the centre of learning in the ancient world.
Alexandria
Cairo

For many, Cairo is epitomised by the pyramids, however, there are many attractions of great interest for the visitor. The only present-day survivors of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, the pyramids are among the world’s greatest tourist attractions and never lose their ability to inspire and overwhelm visitors. In the Islamic region of Cairo, there is the beautiful Mohamed Ali Mosque and the ancient Citadel, a spectacular medieval fortress perched on a hill above the city. Also of interest is the fascinating Khan El-Khalili Bazaar which is reputed to be the largest bazaar in the Middle East. Whilst wandering through the labyrinth of narrow streets you will find workshops and stalls selling all manner of things from woodwork, glassware and leather goods to perfumes, fabrics and Pharaonic curiosities. In Coptic Cairo there are the remains of the old Fortress of Babylon, the walls of the fortress enclose the Church of St. Sergius, which is built on a crypt considered to be one of the resting places of the Holy Family during their flight to Egypt. The heart of Cairo houses the Egyptian Museum of Antiquities, designed by a French architect in neo-classical style, and surrounded by gardens.
Cairo
Aswan

Beautiful, laid-back Aswan…for many, this is the starting or the ending point of a Nile Cruise. Aswan is the launchpad for excursions across the desert to Abu Simbel, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. With its palm-tree studded shorelines, feluccas that sail the Nile River, and beautiful temples, Aswan looks and feels a lot different than many other places in Egypt. This southern city has notable differences – the pace is a little slower, it is a little warmer, and you will notice the Nubians, who have darker skin and are often taller in height. Many of the statues, obelisks, and building materials for temples and shrines in Egypt were cut from the quarries in Aswan.
Aswan
Hurghada

Hurghada has developed from a small fishing village into Egypt’s most popular seaside resort. It has superb beaches, great diving, and is a good choice for those who want to combine a beach vacation with visits to Egypt’s famous archaeological sites. Hurghada is a great place to try out all sorts of water-sports, from scuba diving and snorkeling to parasailing and windsurfing. Hurghada doesn’t just offer fun in the sea. You can try quad biking in the Sahara, camel riding, and BBQ with local Bedouins. Take a trip on a glass-bottomed boat to see the fabulous reefs and tropical fish, or explore the uninhabited islands of Big and Little Gifton. Hurghada offers lots of opportunities to try the local specialties like the hibiscus drink of karkaday, sheesha, or a refreshing chai. Hurghada has a subtropical desert climate with hot summers and warm winters.
Hurghada
Edfu

Edfu is an Egyptian town in the region of Upper Egypt, located on the west bank of the river Nile some 100 kms. south of Luxor and 115 kms. north of Aswan. It is famous for its large temple from the Ptolemaic age (about 300-30 BC) that is dedicated to the falcon-headed god Horus. It is one of the most impressive sacred buildings in Egypt and is considered to be the best preserved temple of antiquity. Apart from its ancient remains, Edfu is best known as a largely agricultural town, its main products being sugar cane and pottery. The Temple of Edfu and open market are within walking distance from where river boats dock.
Edfu
Sharm El-Sheikh

Sharm el-Sheikh is an Egyptian resort town between the desert of the Sinai Peninsula and the Red Sea. It’s known for its sheltered sandy beaches, clear waters and coral reefs. Naama Bay, with a palm tree-lined promenade, is filled with bars and restaurants. Ras Muhammad National Park is a major diving destination, with marine life around the Shark and Yolanda reefs and the Thistlegorm wreck. Nabq Bay, home to many of Sharm’s high-end hotels, is also an access point for scuba and snorkeling sites in the Straits of Tiran, including Gordon, Thomas and Jackson reefs. Desert safaris by foot, camel, horse, dune buggy or truck are popular, especially those to Saint Catherine’s Monastery at the base of biblical Mt. Sinai.
Sharm El-Sheikh
Siwa Oasis

If you are dreaming of getting off the beaten track in Egypt, this extraordinary fertile basin, in the remote Western Desert, is the stuff of your imagination. Lying on average 18m below sea level, the isolated Siwa Oasis is dotted with olive groves, palm trees and warm, clear springs, and bordered by the Great Sand Sea that rolls into the distance. Passing through the mud-brick hamlets is like winding back the clock, with as many donkey carts as motorbikes and cars crawling through the streets. Located 560 kms. from Cairo, even getting there is an adventure – the journey takes about eight hours by road via Alexandria or Borg El Arab.
Siwa Oasis

The Valleys of the Kings, Luxor

The Valley of the Kings refers to the sloping cliffs above the western floodplain, where the bodies of the pharaohs were laid to rest in tombs cut deep into the rock. These tombs range in size from single chamber burials to massive complexes spanning several thousand square meters. Many include intricate hieroglyphic carving and vivid painted decoration, illustrating ceremonies, rites of burial, the crossing to the world of the dead, the path of the sun, and other subjects. Over 62 tombs have been explored, including those of the sons of Rameses II and Tutankhamen, the boy-king.

Karnak Temple, Luxor

Karnak Temple is really huge: it has the total length of 1.5 kilometres. In fact, it is a whole city consisting of 33 separate temples and halls. The construction began in around 2,000 BC and lasted for 13 centuries. Despite the ancient age, many fragments, sculptures and pylons are still well-preserved. It is situated 2.5 kilometres from Luxor. Previously, the temples were connected by a large sphinx walkway. Within its precincts are the Great Temple of Amun, the Temple of Khons, and the Festival Temple of Tuthmosis III, as well as many other buildings.

Luxor Temple

Built first by Amenophis III, it was known as “the southern harem of Amun” and was dedicated to Amun, his consort Mut, and their son the moon god Khons. Like all Egyptian temples, it comprises the chapels of the deities with their vestibules and subsidiary chambers, a large Hypostyle Hall, and an open Peristyle Court, which was approached from the north by a great colonnade. The temple was added to and changed by a parade of pharaohs, including Amenophis IV, Tutankhamun, Seti I, and Ramses II (who extended the temple significantly, adding a new colonnaded court at the north end).

Temple of Queen Hatshepsut, Luxor

The mortuary temple of Hatshepsut dates from the New Kingdom. It nestles at the foot of the cliffs in a natural “bay” on the West Bank of Luxor. This area had long been sacred to the goddess Hathor. After the introduction of Christianity, Hatshepsut’s temple was used as a monastery, hence its modern name, Deir el-Bahri, Arabic for “Northern Monastery.” Hatshepsut was a female pharaoh who had herself represented pictorially as a male. She served as co-regent with her nephew Thutmose III (c. 1479-1425 B.C.E.). Since Hathor was the guardian of the Deir el-Bahri area, it is appropriate to find a chapel dedicated to her within Hatshepsut’s mortuary temple.

Luxor Museum

One of Egypt’s best museums, Luxor Museum holds a beautifully exhibited collection from the local area, which tells the story of ancient Thebes from the Old Kingdom right up to the Islamic Period. The museum’s prize possessions are the two Royal Mummies of Ahmose I and what is believed to be Ramses I. While there, check out the reliefs on the re-erected Wall of Akhenaten. The 283 sandstone blocks are covered with painted reliefs and originally belonged to Akhenaten’s Temple of the Sun at Karnak.

Colossi of Memnon, Luxor

On the West Bank of Luxor, just off the road which leads from the cultivation to the desert, sit the so-called Colossi of Memnon. These are actually statues of Amunhotep III (c. 1390-1353 B.C.E.) which are about 64 feet in height and are carved of quartzite. These statues flanked the main entrance into Amunhotep’s mortuary temple. Unfortunately, very little remains of this temple, most of the stone having been “quarried” away during the late New Kingdom.

The Step Pyramid, Saqqara

The Step Pyramid was designed for King Djoser (Dynasty 3) by his vizier Imhotep. The pyramid is located at Saqqara, the main necropolis of ancient Memphis. The Step Pyramid is the first known monumental structure made of stone anywhere in the world. As its name suggests, it is a series of six levels of stone decreasing in size as they ascend to about 200 feet in height.

Abu Simbel, Nubia

Abu Simbel is an ancient temple complex, originally cut into a solid rock cliff, in southern Egypt. The two temples which comprise the site were created during the reign of Ramesses II (c. 1279 – 1213 B.C.E.), where he wished to demonstrate his power and his divine nature. Four colossal (65 feet high) statues of him sit in pairs flanking the entrance. The alignment of the temple is such that twice a year the sun’s rays reach into the innermost sanctuary to illuminate the seated statues of Ptah, Amun-Re, Ramesses II, and Re-Horakhty. When the High Dam was being constructed in the early 1960s, international cooperation assembled funds and technical expertise to move this temple to higher ground so that it would not be inundated by the waters of Lake Nasser.

Temple of Horus, Edfu

Dedicated to the god Horus of Behedet, lord of Edfu, the Temple of Horus is the most famous monument at Edfu. Due to its completeness and state of preservation, it is the best example of Ptolemaic temple building in Egypt. The temple is oriented from south to north, measuring little over 140 m long and occupying an area of about 7000 m2. The Temple has a massive entrance pylon covered with sunk relief carvings which were originally brightly painted. Constructed of sandstone, it was built between 237 and 57 B.C.E. and took 180 years to complete.

The Sphinx, Giza

The Sphinx, with its monumental proportions, lion’s body, and human facial features, provides an unexpected naturalistic contrast to the geometric shapes of the pyramids. The recumbent lion stretches 241 feet in length and reaches 65 feet in height. The Sphinx was carved out of a natural outcropping of rock around the time of the construction of the Pyramid of Khafra (Chephren; c. 2555-2532 B.C.E.). The features are thought to be those of King Khafra wearing the royal nemes headdress. It is one of the most recognizable relics of the ancient Egyptians.

Great Pyramid of Khufu, Giza

The Pyramid of Khufu is the largest of the three principal pyramids on the Giza Plateau. It is also known as The Great Pyramid. It is impressive to know that Khufu’s monument was built from 2.3 million stone blocks, each weighing on average more than two tons and cut using nothing more than copper tools; to realize that its sides are precisely aligned to the cardinal points of the compass and differ one from another in length by no more than two inches, and to calculate that, at 481 feet, the pyramid remained the tallest man-made structure in the world for practically 4,000 years. From a distance, a climb to the top of the Pyramid of Khufu would seem to be very tempting. However, once one is next to the pyramid, the prospect of a climb seems less inviting.

Pyramid of Khafra, Giza

The second largest pyramid at Giza and in Egypt was built for Khafra, the third pharaoh of the 4th Dynasty during the Old Kingdom Period of Ancient Egypt around 2540 BC. The Pyramid of Khafra (Chephren; c. 2555-2532 B.C.E.) is 448 feet in height. Near the summit, it still retains some of its original smooth limestone casing stones. Almost as famous as the pyramids themselves is the statue of the Great Sphinx. Khafra is credited with having commissioned this giant statue to serve as a guardian to the burial ground at Giza. Khafra’s pyramid is smaller and without some of the highly refined stonework that his father’s displays, suggesting that the 4th Dynasty may already have been in decline during his rule.

Temple of Isis, Aswan

Built during the reign of Ptolemy II (Egypt’s Greco-Roman Period), the Temple of Isis at Philae is dedicated to Isis, Osiris, and Horus. The last known hieroglyphic inscription in Egypt dates from 394 C.E. (late Roman period) and are found here in the Philae Temple. The temple was in danger of being submerged forever with the construction of the new Aswan dam (1960-1970), which flooded the area. Fortunately, the Egyptian government and UNESCO worked together to pump the area dry and relocate the entire temple, stone by stone (50,000 stones), to a nearby island called Agilka, where it stands today.

Qaitbay Fortress, Alexandria

The Fort of Qaitbey, located at the entrance of the ovular eastern harbor, is a relic of the city’s storied status as a trade center and global power. It was built in the 15th century by the Mamluks on the exact site of the Lighthouse of Alexandria, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. Its ramparts and turrets offer beautiful unobstructed views of the awe-inspiring, seemingly limitless Mediterranean Sea on one side, and the city’s faded but charming boat cluttered harbor and skyline on the other. From the outside, the cream-colored citadel itself cuts a striking figure against the bright blue sky.

Catacombs of Kom El-shokafa, Alexandria

The Catacombs of Kom El-shokafa, which date from the second century A.D., are unique both for their plan and for their decoration which is a mixture of Egyptian and Greco-Roman elements. Excavations in the site started in 1892, but the catacombs were not found until 1900 when by mere chance the falling of a donkey drawing a cart in a pit led to their discovery. The tomb consists of three stories cut in the rock.

Chatby Necropolis, Alexandria

In the ancient eastern quarter of Alexandria, overlooking the Mediterranean sea, lies the Chatby Necropolis, which was accidentally rediscovered in 1893. The oldest necropolis in the city, it probably served as a resting place for the deceased since the fourth century BCE. These rock tombs are the oldest example of Alexandrian-style burials. At their inception, however, they were underground burial vaults. The tombs are of a simple and elegant design typical of the Hellenistic period. The primary burial site evidently belonged to a wealthy, but unidentified, family.

The Serapeum, Alexandria

The Serapeum was the sanctuary dedicated to Serapis, the head of the Alexandrian divine triad during the Greco – Roman period (306 BCE – 325 CE). Appealing to both Egyptians and Greeks, Serapis become one of the most important Alexandrian cults. Such a popular cult needed a central temple to welcome pilgrims. The sanctuary was situated on a hill in Rhakotis, the oldest and largest neighborhood of the city, which was populated by Egyptians. The earliest evidence from the temple complex dates from the reign of Ptolemy II, while the main temple structure dates from the reign of Ptolemy III, and a temple dedicated to Harpocrates was built under Ptolemy IV.

Unfinished Obelisk, Aswan

If it had been completed, this would have been the world’s largest obelisk. It was planned to be 42 meters high. Hatshepsut ordered the construction of this obelisk to complement the Lateran Obelisk, which can be seen at Karnak Temple in Luxor. When the obelisk cracked during excavation, the project was abandoned. However, this Unfinished Obelisk gives a lot of insight on how the ancient Egyptians cut stone. When you see this massive obelisk lying in the bedrock, you get a much better appreciation for what a monumental task it must have been for ancient Egyptians to cut these objects from the stone and transport them to their final destination.

Temple of Kom Ombo, Kom Ombo

The Temple of Kom Ombo is a double temple that was constructed for two sets of gods. One half of the complex is dedicated to Sobek, the crocodile-headed god who is associated with fertility of the land along the Nile River. The other half is dedicated to Horus, the falcon-headed god. Kom Ombo is located 60 kms. north of Aswan. The imposing Greco Roman Temple of Kom Ombo directly overlooked the Nile. This is why virtually every Nile cruise that sails near the area includes a visit to this temple.

Roman Amphitheater, Alexandria

The elegant Roman Theatre has marble seating for seven to eight hundred, cruder galleries for the plebs, and a forecourt with two patches of mosaic flooring. In Byzantine times, gladiatorial games were superseded by chariot races. Along the northern side of the theatre’s portico are thirteen auditoria that might have been part of Alexandria’s ancient university, with an annual enrollment of five thousand students.

Egyptian Museum of Antiquities, Cairo

The Egyptian Museum in Cairo contains the world’s most extensive collection of pharaonic antiquities; no visit to Egypt is complete without a trip through its galleries. The original collection was established in the late 19th century under Auguste Mariette and housed in Boulaq. The objects were moved in 1891 to the palace of Ismail Pasha in Giza before being transferred in 1902 to the current building at Tahrir Square, which is the first purpose-built museum edifice in the world. The museum boasts 107 halls filled with artifacts dating from the prehistoric through the Roman periods, with the majority of the collection focused on the pharaonic era. The museum houses approximately 160,000 objects covering 5,000 years of Egypt’s past.

Mohamed Ali Mosque, Cairo

The mosque of Muhammad Ali Pasha is one of the most renowned historical and touristic landmarks in Egypt. The design for this mosque was derived from the Mosque of Sultan Ahmad in Istanbul (AD 1616). Construction of the mosque began in AD 1830 and work continued on it, without interruption, until the death of Muhammad Ali Pasha in AD 1848.

Khan El-Khalili Bazaar, Cairo

No trip to Egypt would feel complete without spending an afternoon in the lively heart of Cairo – the bustling market district of Khan el Khalili, beloved for centuries by Egyptians and foreigners alike. Its narrow, cobblestone streets and winding, interconnected alleyways create a magical atmosphere that feels like a trip back in time. Its streets are rich with history. This busy souk, first constructed in the Middle Ages and growing ever since, has attracted visitors from all over the world for over seven hundred years. The aged, labyrinthine passages of Khan el Khalili set the stage for the most adventurous shopping experience one could ever imagine.

Fortress of Babylon, Cairo

There is unfortunately little left above ground of the massive fortress built by Roman Emperor Trajan to protect a strategically important dock facility on the banks of the Nile. Several of the churches of Coptic Cairo are built on the foundations of the fort, and the Coptic Museum lies within its ancient walls. By 640 AD, when the area was conquered by the Arabs, the fort had 40-foot walls and was linked to the Red Sea by a series of canals and interlinked waterways.

Mosque of Sayyidna Al Hussein, Cairo

One of the most sacred Islamic sites in Egypt, this mosque is the reputed burial place of the head of Hussein, the grandson of Prophet Mohammed. Most of the building dates from about 1870, except for the beautiful 14th-century stucco panels on the minaret. This is one of the few mosques where non-Muslims can’t enter. The death of Hussein in Karbala, Iraq, cemented the rift between the Sunni and Shiite branches of Islam.

Citadel of Saladin, Cairo

The Citadel of Saladin, known colloquially in English as the Cairo Citadel, is strategically located on a promontory beneath the Mokattam Mountain that made it difficult to attack. It was considered the most impressive and ambitious military fortification at the time of its construction. Thanks to (or in spite of) this elaborate fortification, Cairo was never subjected to a siege, and therefore, the Citadel has never fallen in history. Until 1983, the Citadel was used as a military garrison by occupying British forces and later by the Egyptian army. It first opened to the public following UNESCO’s designation of it as part of the World Heritage Site, Historic Cairo.

Manial Palace, Cairo

Manial Palace is one of the most distinctive and breathtaking Alawiyya dynasty palaces built in Egypt and reflects the wealth and the luxury of the royal family. Manial palace was built for the prince Mohamed Ali Tawfik (1875-1959) who was the son of Kadive Tawfik and the brother of king Abbas Helmy II.Located on El-Rodah island, it is composed of 5 buildings forming a residential compound. The buildings are surrounded by impressive Persian-styled gardens containing rare and beautiful plant and flowers. The architectural design of the palace is a combination of different cultures – Ottoman, Moorish, Persian and European rococo styles.

Bibliotheca Alexandrina, Alexandria

The New Library of Alexandria, the New Bibliotheca Alexandrina is dedicated to recapture the spirit of openness and scholarship of the original Bibliotheca Alexandrina. It is much more than a library. The Bibliotheca Alexandrina is a vast and best example of modern 21st century architecture but the structure is built on the ruins of the ancient library, which was built in the third century BC during the reign of Ptolemy II. It was said that it contained 700,000 books and it was the greatest library in the world at that time. The design of this impressive building evoking the sun rising out of the Mediterranean which is a symbol of the continuity of the life.

The Red Pyramid, Dahshur

After the Great Pyramid of Khufu at Giza, the Red Pyramid at Dashur has the largest base (only slightly smaller than Khufu’s pyramid, each side measures 722 feet) of any pyramid in Egypt. However, it is substantially shorter at 343 feet. It is the fourth highest pyramid ever built in Egypt, with almost 160 layers of stone. Built by Khufu’s father, Snefru, the pyramid gets its common name from the reddish limestone used to build most of its core. Tura limestone was used as casing stone to cover the pyramid. Though some casing still remains, most has been removed.

El Gouna Beach, Hurghada

El Gouna Beach is an oasis of fun opportunities that suit everyone. Enjoy the refreshing sun as you relax on the warm sand and take part in fun activities such as kayaking. Take advantage of the fast winds and fly kites or swim into the vast waters and mingle with the friendly dolphins. Engage in a game of golf and after that, visit bars in the evening. Here, you get to move your body to some lovely mixes as you savor the cold drinks.

Temple of Hathor, Dendera

Hathor was a major goddess in the ancient Egyptian pantheon, who personified the principles of joy, feminine love, and motherhood, and her cult center was at Dendera, one of the best-preserved temple complexes in all of Egypt. The Temple of Hathor is the largest and most impressive buildings in this religious complex, and is visually stunning with its grand entrance, detailed carvings, hieroglyphs, and decorated ceilings. The city of Dendera is located on the west bank of the Nile, about 60 kms. to the north of Luxor.

Ras Mohammed National Park, Sharm El-Sheikh

Ras Mohammed National Park (RMNP) incorporates an area of 480 km2 and extends into the Gulf of Aqaba, to encompass Tiran and Sanafir islands. Located at the southern tip of the Sinai Peninsula, the park includes coral reefs, desert ecosystems and mangroves, and is an important spot for migratory birds. Ras Mohammed is renowned globally for the diversity and richness of its coral reefs, rated amongst the world’s best, and is a significant draw for tourists in the Sharm El-Sheikh area, particularly amongst scuba divers.

Saint Catherine's Monastery, Sinai Peninsula

The Greek Orthodox monastery of the God-trodden Mount Sinai is located at the very place where God appeared to Moses in the Burning Bush, beneath the Mount of the Decalogue. In the providence of God, it is at this site also that the holy relics of Saint Catherine are enshrined. This is the oldest continuously inhabited Christian monastery, with a history that can be traced back over seventeen centuries. The monastery has never been destroyed in all its history, and thus it can be said to have preserved intact the distinctive qualities of its Greek and Roman heritage. The Holy Monastery of Sinai has been celebrated throughout the world for its spiritual and cultural radiance. It has been revered not only by Christians, but also by Muslims and Jews. It has recently been listed by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site, both for its cultural and for its scenic significance.

Mount Sinai, Sinai Peninsula

Mt. Sinai, also called Mt. Horeb and Jebel Musa (the ‘Mountain of Moses’) is the center of a greatly venerated pilgrimage destination that includes the Monastery of St. Catherine and the Burning Bush, Elijah’s Plateau, and the Plain of ar-Raaha. Rising to a height of 2,286 m, Mt. Sinai is held to be the place where Moses received the 10 Commandments. At the summit is a 12th century mosque and a small chapel. Moses, the traditional founder of Judaism, was born in Egypt, the son of a Hebrew slave. The Hebrews had been in bondage in Egypt for 400 years from approximately 1650-1250 BC.

Fortress of Shali, Siwa

The fortification of Shali is located in the center of modern Siwa in the Siwa Oasis, and is basically the old town. Some of the buildings of the old town are even still in use, but due to their construction of salt, mud, rock and plaster they fall more into ruin each year. In fact, up until some extreme rain in 1926, much of the old town was still in use. The area dates from the 13th century. Fortress of Shali was built in the 12th century by just 40 men.

Tours in Egypt

Egypt will bring out the explorer in you
Giza, Egypt

    Highlights of Egypt

    10 days

    Egypt is an extraordinary travel destination. On this Egypt itinerary, you have plenty of time to go beyond the pyramids and experience the highlights of this amazing country.

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    Nile River, Egypt

      Egypt Luxury Adventure

      11 days

      Explore the ancient history of Egypt on a custom tour that takes you from the Great Pyramids in Giza to a luxury Nile River cruise and concludes in the legendary city of Alexandria.

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      Luxor, Egypt

        Experience Egypt

        9 days

        Egyptian history is like an enormous library – it is filled with more stories than anyone could know in a lifetime. Within every temple, mosque, tomb and palace there are countless years of fascinating tales-involving Kings and Queens, magic and…

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